The Prevalence Of Smoking Is A Large Impact On The Past...

In Ukraine, the prevalence of smoking has been a large impact on the past and current citizens of the country. The social determinants as stated before has a greater effect on the percentage of individuals that are smoking. Men whose social positions have deteriorated over the last 5 years are more likely to start smoking compared to those who have not been. Women who live in urban areas are more likely to start smoking rather than those in rural areas and women who have been previously married. Although in Ukraine, it is a male dominant society, it was concluded that maternal hardships and unemployment is more likely to increase the likelihood of smoking. Many argue that tobacco supply should be denied to everyone to avoid discriminating between different groups. As Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the country’s highest obtainable communicable diseases, There are no specific determinants in acquiring TB. This means that an individual of any age, gender, race, or ethnicity can acquire TB. However, based on socioeconomic status, individuals have a higher risk through poverty, being elderly, being homeless, and also foreign-born people who have lots of contact with individuals with TB. Those with medical conditions that weaken the immune system are also more likely to develop the disease. Individuals between the ages of 19 and 60 are also more susceptible to being infected with TB. Gender or race discrimination does not impact the health problems associated with Tuberculosis, butShow MoreRelatedCigarette Smoking and the Healthcare System in France Essay3089 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction Cigarette smoking represents a huge burden for healthcare systems in any country. Ms Kristina Mauer-Stender, Program Manager for Tobacco Control in WHO Regional Office for Europe stated that tobacco use is not a choice: â€Å"It is a powerful addiction. The true choice is between tobacco and health†. 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One of the long run effects of smoking is that four million people are killed every year and is estimated that the figure will rise to ten million by 2030 if current trends remain unchanged. (Yach, Brinchmann, Bellet page 2). Early deaths of non-smokers reduce their contribution to society but the high-cost required by elderly from pensions, treatmentRead MoreThe Nature Of The Problem3221 Words   |  13 Pagesstudies show that different countries experience different incidence of different type of cancer. This can due to genetic differences but also varying economic, cultural and environmental factors. Identify the extent of the problem (trends) Cancer is one of the major causes of death in Australia and its occurrence is increasing among both sexes. According to report by the Australian Institute of Health and Wellbeing, in 2011 there were 43,221 deaths from cancer. 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I believe that shedding light on the ways that pornography effects human beings, we will feel differently about the â€Å"freedom of speech.† In the 1960’s and 1970’s, debates over pornography mirrored the counter-culture’s battle with conservativeRead MoreConsumer Lifestyle in Singapore35714 Words   |  143 PagesEuromonitor International December 2012 CONSUMER LIFESTYLES IN SINGAPORE Passport I LIST OF CONTENTS AND TABLES Consumer Habits in Context......................................................................................................... 1 Current Behaviour Within the Broader Economic Climate ........................................................ 1 Consumer Confidence .............................................................................................................. 2 Misery IndexRead MorePublic Policy Essay3740 Words   |  15 Pagesstudy of policy making by governments. A governments public policy is the set of policies (laws, plans, actions, behaviors) that it chooses. (Lee, Johnson, Joyce, 2008) Since governments claim authority and responsibility (to varying degrees) over a large group of individuals, they see fit to establish plans and methods of action that will govern that society. I will discuss the possible funding options for reducing Georgia’s sex offender rate, evaluate how public policy decisions affect the receiptRead MoreChina s Economic And Technolog ical Development4835 Words   |  20 Pages China and Drugs Geoffrey Tom, QiXia (Queenie) Yu, Vivian Seto SF State H-ED 315 July 6, 2015 â€Æ' Introduction China’s economic and technological development can be illustrated and presented exponentially. It is among the countries that has modern housing, cars, communication gadgets, fashion and medicine. However, this development also describes the progressive growth of hard drug usage and addiction. In a span of approximately 25 years, the presence of narcotics and illegal drugs was unheardRead MoreUAE Consumer Lifestyle Analysis42818 Words   |  172 PagesTweenagers 7 Teens 8 Twenty-somethings 10 Thirty-somethings 10 Middle-aged Adults 11 Older Population 12 Table 1 Consumer Segmentation: 2005-2009 12 Table 2 Consumer Segmentation: 2010-2020 13 People 13 Population 13 Marital Status 14 Town Or Country 15 Table 3 Population by Age: 2005-2009 15 Table 4 Population by Age: 2010-2020 16 Table 5 Male Population by Age: 2005-2009 16 Table 6 Male Population by Age: 2010-2020 16 Table 7 Female Population by Age: 2005-2009 16 Table 8 Female Population

Watchdog Journalism Is An Ideal Impossible - 1812 Words

TOPIC 3: MANY JOURNALISTS BELIEVE THAT THEIR ROLE IS TO HOLD POWERFUL SOCIAL ACTORS TO ACCOUNT AND TO ACT AS A WATCHDOG AGAINST THE ABUSE POWER. IS THIS REALISTIC? Although many journalists consider as a major duty to denounce the violation of the citizens’ rights by acting like watchdogs, more and more authors think watchdog journalism is an ideal impossible to reach, worst, a meaningless concept concealing trade rules by elites and capitalism. Watchdog journalism is defined as a â€Å"form of journalism that seeks to hold public institutions accountable by tracking and investigating their activities. Seen as the opposite to lapdog journalism, watchdog journalism draws from aspirations that journalism acts as a surrogate for the public in that it has a critical role to play in keeping the public sphere vibrant and the body politic healthy. Keeping a close watch on political, economic and other public institutions is an important way to achieve those ideals.† (Keywords in News and Journalism Studies, Barbie Zelizer and Stuart Allan, 2010, UK, p170). This is embodied in the traditional idea of a ‘fourth estate’, historically accredited to Edmund Burke and which make reference to the three traditional powers we can find in a democracy and describe by Montesquieu in The Spirit of the Laws (1748): the executive power, the legislative power and the judiciary power. Like this, the Medias, and more particularly journalists would be the fourth estate of the democracy, aShow MoreRelated The Importance Of The Press Essays2570 Words   |  11 Pagestoleration and freedom of the press.quot;2 It was the deprivation of these principles, by the monarchical leaders, which led to discontent among the people of France. Above all, liberalism stresses the primacy of individual rights. One can see that these ideals were at the forefront of French revolutionary thought by examining the Declaration of rights, which in 1789 stated that, quot;All men are equal by nature,quot; and brought republican concepts such as liberty, equality and fraternity into awarenessRead MoreEssay about The Media During the Tiananmen Square Protests2628 Words   |  11 Pages When it comes to domestic issues, Chinese journalism has traditionally shown a restraint bordering on toadyism. The media faithfully report whatever happen to be the current government line, but the Communist Party has charted a zigzag course through the years, and its direction still continues to change.† (72) Unlike many Western forms of media, government-based media is used still as propaganda for the government, instead of watchdogs examining the government. By providing propagandaRead MoreImpact Of Television On The Western Europe2221 Words   |  9 Pagespeople who gained the freedom of words to express their thoughts. Televisions were involved in politics in the Post-Communist Czech Republic. Before, and during the Communism era, television stations were strictly controlled by the government. It was impossible for those people who were considered to dissent and fight against the Communism ideology to show up in the public media. However, in November of 1989, Czechoslovakia’s Communist regime had come to its end; the staffs working for televisions wereRead MoreAnti Corruption Watchdog Transparency International Ranks The National Perception Of Corruption2507 Words   |  11 Pagesaid and investment. Corruption is rampant in India, as it has taken a prevalent role of Indian politics and bureaucracy. Corruption in India has been one of the most interesting and discussed problems in modern political history. Anti-corruption watchdog Transparency International ranks the national perception of corruption in India to be 85th in the world out of 175 positions, indicating that India’s governance is corrupt and isn’t accountable to its citizens. There is a plethora of factors encouragingRead MoreThesis on Print Media16077 Words   |  65 Pagesexperience the same effects. Muccigrosso’s findings provide the potential for legislators to be influenced by other forms of media, including newspapers. Leff, Protess and Brooks found this to be true in their third analysis of how investigative journalism influenced the public and policymakers’ perception of police officers (Leff, Protess and Brooks 301). While their study restricted media influence to a specific topic—police brutality—it serves as a useful reference for this study. It also providesRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 PagesAhmadinejad. †¢ When the media has so many other motives, it can hardly be relied on to provide reliable information. The individual, on the other hand, has less hidden agendas. Mainstream GOOD: Use professional journalists (compared to citizen journalism) – content quality †¢ Citizen journalist â€Å"on-the ground† reports vs. professional whose sole purpose is to uncover each and every piece of information related to the news article they are writing †¢ Wider and deeper coverage †¢ Connections

The Pros and Cons of Affirmative Action Free Essays

The concept of affirmative action is found in a speech by President Kennedy when he was referring to the government’s responsibility to ensure that affirmative action was taken with regard to equal employment opportunities for individuals regardless of race, creed, color, or national origin. It is interesting that although President Kennedy pioneered the concept of affirmative action, it was President Lyndon Johnson who first applied this concept by taking steps to equalize the presence of individuals in government positions. President Johnson outlined that it was not enough to say that equal employment opportunities existed; it was the government’s responsibility to ensure that the positions not only existed, but were being filled by minorities in a commitment to cultural diversity. We will write a custom essay sample on The Pros and Cons of Affirmative Action or any similar topic only for you Order Now Directives were put into place as part of this process that not only banned discrimination, but also offered incentives to government contractors who employed a culturally-diverse workforce. Some of the pros of affirmative action, therefore, include increased opportunities for cultural minority groups, such as legislation that strongly urged employers to select minority candidates and contractors (given that they met qualifying criteria) Numerous research studies have been conducted regarding the glass ceiling for women, as well as attempts to determine percentages of cultural identity in the white-collar professional positions (for example). Such studies have identified that there are more Caucasian males in positions of authority at a majority of companies. To rectify this, many agencies established affirmative action plans that were intended to encourage minority applicants, and thus enlarge the pool of qualified applicants from which to draw for available positions. The downside to this, however, was that the legislation that was designed to encourage minority employment fostered the discrimination it sought to eradicate. To weight any individual’s application due to demographic information (as cultural information is) results in basic discrimination. One cannot have both options available; either no-one is favored, or everyone is favored. To have two qualified individuals, and then to choose one based upon his or her cultural identity is at its heart discriminatory. At what point are professionals free to choose the best person for the job, without knowing the individual’s cultural identity? In the ideal world, individuals would be interviewed by telephone or by e-mail in such a way as to reveal no identifying information. This would enable the employer to make a decision solely upon an individual’s qualifications and experience for the position, as opposed to fulfilling a criterion for minority employees. This is not, however, practical at this point in time, and so employment rests in the hands of companies who have an ethical obligation to be equitable, if for no other reason. Weighting a decision based upon cultural identity only applies if there is no opportunity for a variety of individuals to apply for a given position. The issue remains, however, that the individuals still need to be qualified for a position. Unfortunately, for whatever reason, there are differing degrees of qualification. No one appreciates being a token employee, yet that is the standard that affirmative action laws have succeeded in achieving. It is ironic that anti-discrimination laws are themselves discriminatory. The concept of fairness and equity for all individuals, then, should apply regardless of cultural identity—not because the company has no racial representation. Even the act of gathering cultural information is discriminatory because that information is being used to discriminate against other well-qualified individuals. All professionals who hire new employees must consider how they can meet equity in employment without discrimination. How to cite The Pros and Cons of Affirmative Action, Essay examples